Long period pseudo random number sequence generator

A circuit for generating a sequence of pseudo random numbers, (A sub K). There is an exponentiator in GF(2 sup m) for the normal basis representation of elements in a finite field GF(2 sup m) each represented by m binary digits and having two inputs and an output from which the sequence (A sub K). Of pseudo random numbers is taken. One of the two inputs is connected to receive the outputs (E sub K) of maximal length shift register of n stages. There is a switch having a pair of inputs and an output. The switch outputs is connected to the other of the two inputs of the exponentiator. One of the switch inputs is connected for initially receiving a primitive element (A sub O) in GF(2 sup m). Finally, there is a delay circuit having an input and an output. The delay circuit output is connected to the other of the switch inputs and the delay circuit input is connected to the output of the exponentiator. Whereby after the exponentiator initially receives the primitive element (A sub O) in GF(2 sup m) through the switch, the switch can be switched to cause the exponentiator to receive as its input a delayed output A(K-1) from the exponentiator thereby generating (A sub K) continuously at the output of the exponentiator. The exponentiator in GF(2 sup m) is novel and comprises a cyclic-shift circuit; a Massey-Omura multiplier; and, a control logic circuit all operably connected together to perform the function U(sub i) = 92(sup i) (for n(sub i) = 1 or 1 (for n(subi) = 0)

A Stibonium-Modified Clay and its Polystyrene Nanocomposite

Triphenylhexadecylstibonium trifluoromethylsulfonate has been prepared and ion-exchanged with sodium montmorillonite to obtain a new organically-modified clay. The clay has higher thermal stability than an ammonium clay; only a portion of the alkyl chain is lost during degradation and all of the antimony is retained. This clay has been used to prepare a polystyrene nanocomposite in which the clay is not uniformly distributed throughout the polymer. Nonetheless the polymer does insert into the clay layers and the d-spacing of the clay expands from 2.0 to 3.0 nm. The enhanced thermal stability of this system may mean that it could be useful for polymers which must be processed at temperatures above that at which the ammonium clays undergo degradation

OH detection by Ford Motor Company

Two different methods for detection of OH are presented: a low pressure flow cell system and a frequency modulation absorption measurement. Using conventional absorption spectroscopy, detection limits were quoted of 1,000,000 OH molecules per cu cm using a 30-minute averaging time on the ground, and a 3-hour averaging time in the air for present apparatus in use. With the addition of FM spectroscopy at 1 GHz, a double-beam machine should permit detectable absorption of and an OH limit of 100,000 per cu cm in a 30-minute averaging time. In the low pressure system on which experiments are ongoing nonexponential time behavior was observed after the decay had progressed to about 0.3 of its original level; this was attributed to ion emission in the photomultiplier. A flame source with OH present at high concentration levels was used as a calibration. It was estimated that within the sampling chamber, 400,000 OH could be measured. With a factor-of-2 loss at the sampling orifice, this means detectability of 5 to 8 x 100,000 cu cm at the present time. This could be reduced by a factor of 2 in one hour averaging time; improvements in laser bandwidth and energy should provide another factor of 2 in sensitivity

In situ reactive blending to prepare polystyrene-clay and polypropylene-clay nanocomposites

Nanocomposites of polystyrene and polypropylene with organically-modified clay may be prepared by melt blending in a Brabender mixer the clay and the polymer. The presence of maleic anhydride increases the likelihood of nanocomposite formation for polystyrene but is less important for polypropylene. The materials that result are immiscible materials, in that the clay is not uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix, but there is polymer inserted between the clay layers. The results from cone calorimetry suggest that nanocomposite formation has occurred, since there is a significant reduction in the peak heat release rate

Quantum dynamics of bound states under spacetime fluctuations

Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for hospitality to Martin Land and other Organizers of the IARD 2016 Conference, where a related lecture was delivered by TO. This work was supported by the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland (TO) and by the EPSRC GG-Top Project and the Cruickshank Trust (CW).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The Role of the Trivalent metal in an LDH: Synthesis, Characterization and Fire Properties of Thermally Stable PMMA/LDH Systems

Two layered double hydroxides (LDHs), calcium aluminum undecenoate (Ca3Al) and calcium iron undecenoate (Ca3Fe), have been prepared by the co-precipitation method. XRD analysis of these LDHs reveals that they are layered materials and FT-IR and TGA confirmed the presence of the undecenoate anions in the material produced. The PMMA composites were prepared by bulk polymerization and the samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, TGA and cone calorimetry. Both additives greatly enhance the thermal stability of PMMA, while the calcium aluminum LDH gives better results when the fire properties were examined using the cone calorimeter